ABIBOO studio has led the architectural design of a self-sufficient and sustainable city on mars that could house one million humans. ‘nüwa’ forms part of an exhaustive scientific work for a competition organized by the mars society, and fully developed by the SONet network, an international team of scientists and academics led by astrophysicist guillem anglada, who headed the discovery of exoplanet proxima-b. considering the atmospheric conditions, ABIBOO chose the side of a cliff on mars to build a vertical city, with the design and construction systems a result of the planet’s harsh conditions. ‘if we were to construct the buildings as on earth, the buildings would tend to explode from the pressure,’ says says alfredo muñoz, founder of ABIBOO. ‘the solar and gamma radiation on mars forced us to build spaces that are not directly exposed to the sky.’
all images ABIBOO studio / SOnet (renders by gonzalo rojas, sebastián rodriguez & verónica florido)
images and video © ABIBOO studio / SOnet
the design by ABIBOO includes five cities, with ‘nüwa‘ as their capital. each city accommodates between 200,000 and 250,000 people and follows the same urban strategy. ‘abalos city’, for example, is located in the north pole to leverage the access to ice, while ‘marineris city’, is located in the most extensive canyon of the solar system. ABIBOO’s solution is a flexible and scalable model that could be easily applied to many other martian surface areas.
working alongside academics and other members of SONet, the architects developed solutions for structures that protect inhabitants from the radiation on mars, ensure indirect access to sunlight, protect from potential impact from meteorites, and solve the atmospheric pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the buildings. furthermore, the urban configuration had to consider the life support systems, such as food, air, and water production.
‘nüwa’ sits on the slope of one of the martian cliffs with abundant water access, with a steep terrain offering the opportunity to create a vertical city inserted into the rock, protected from radiation and exposed to indirect sunlight. ‘macro-buildings’ are excavations inside the rock of the cliff — implemented after tunneling, they are modular and include residential and work activities, linked together by a three-dimensional network of tunnels. comprising two floors, the modules have a tubular shape that spans 10 meters in diameter and 60 meters in length. three residential and three work modules offer a highly flexible and scalable opportunity to recombine the programs as needed. all modules contain green areas and urban gardens with animals and bodies of water designed to provide physical well-being, and spaces for art. to create an emotional connection with earth, the design team has included vast, artificially created two natural spaces called ‘green-domes’ — one that allows human presence and act as parks, and another that includes experimental vegetation in an environment with a purely martian atmosphere.
meanwhile, the ‘macro-buildings’ on the cliff are connected by high-speed elevator systems, similar to skyscrapers on earth. this infrastructure also connects the bottom of the cliff with the top and has intermediate stops at the ‘sky-lobbies’, that connect the ‘macro-buildings’ with a separate elevating system. the highest point of the cliff is the mesa — a vast plain that contains the infrastructure dedicated to manufacturing, food production, and energy generation.
at the foot of the cliff, large pavilions designed with translucent skin offer views of the landscapes of mars and a space for social interaction in the valley. the domes are protected from external radiation by large overflying canopies. the material from the cliff’s excavation is dumped on top of the roofs, protecting from radiation. at the same time, this strategy ensures recyclability even at a large-scale.
in the valley, specific structures house hospitals, schools and universities, sports and cultural activities, shopping areas, and train stations that communicate with the space shuttle. an artificial mountain created with additional material extracted from the excavations acts as a visual frame for the city, and contains auxiliary energy systems, storage, and parking for rovers and intra-city trucks.
a human settlement on mars also requires structures to fulfill the essential functions of air, water, and food production. in ‘nüwa’ and its adjacent cities, all the architectural constructions include additional safety aspects to regulate the internal atmospheric pressure and offer refuge zones for emergency cases. air showers have been placed at each ‘macro-building’ entrance to clean and sterilize as health protection measures.
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